گزینش برای تحمل به تنش خشکی براساس سیستم ریشه‌ای و آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان در فسکیوی بلند

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 دانشیار، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 استادیار، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر تنش خشکی متوسط و شدید بر خصوصیات ریشه و برخی از آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل در گیاه فسکیوی بلند انجام گرفت. 24 ژنوتیپ فسکیوی بلند در سه سطح تنش خشکی (شاهد، تنش خشکی متوسط و شدید) به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در سه تکرار بررسی شدند. کلونی ژنوتیپ‌ها در گلدان‌هایی با ارتفاع 60 و قطر 16 سانتی‌متر کشت شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تنش خشکی، ژنوتیپ و اثر متقابل آنها برای تمام صفات اندازه­گیری‌شده، معنی­دار بود. تحت شرایط تنش خشکی متوسط و شدید، عملکرد علوفۀ خشک، طول تجمعی و وزن خشک ریشه در مقایسه با حالت شاهد کاهش یافت. تنش خشکی شدید، نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی را 25 درصد افزایش داد. فعالیت آنزیم­های کاتالاز و آسکوربات‌پراکسیداز در تنش خشکی شدید نسبت به حالت شاهد و تنش خشکی متوسط کاهش یافت، درحالی ­که فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز در این سطح تنش افزایش نشان داد. نتایج نشان داد که برخی از ژنوتیپ­های فسکیوی بلند تحت شرایط تنش از عملکرد زیاد، و سیستم ریشه‌ای و آنتی‌اکسیدانی مطلوب برخوردارند که بیانگر وجود سازوکار­های تحمل و اجتناب از خشکی در این ژنوتیپ­ها است و می‌توانند در مطالعات اصلاحی بعدی به‌کار گرفته شوند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Selection for drought tolerance base on root characters and anti-oxidative enzymes in tall fescue

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Pirnajmodin 1
  • Mohammad Mahdi Majidi 2
  • Mahdi Gheysari 3
  • Zahra Radan 4
1 M.Sc. Student, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
4 B.Sc. Student, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of mild and intense drought stresses on root traits and some anti-oxidative enzymes and to identify drought tolerant genotypes in tall fescue. Twenty-four genotypes were assessed under three levels of moisture regime (control, mild and intense drought stresses) according to a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications. The genotypes were clonally propagated and planted in PVC tubes (60×16 cm). Results indicated that the effect of moisture regime, genotype and their interaction were significant for all of the measured traits. Under mild and intense drought stress, the root length, root dry weight and dry forage yield decreased compared with control. Intense drought stress increased the root/shoot ratio about 25 percent. The activities of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase decreased under intense drought stress compared with control and mild drought stress, while the activity of peroxidase increased in this level of stress. Results showed that some tall fescue genotypes under drought stress had high yield productivity, desirable root and anti-oxidative systems indicating that these genotypes had drought avoidance and drought tolerance mechanisms which can be used for future breeding programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Root length
  • Dry Forage Yield
  • Catalase
  • Peroxidase

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علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 46، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
فروردین 1394
صفحه 157-168

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 خرداد 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 شهریور 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 شهریور 1393
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 فروردین 1394

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