بررسی اثر کلات آهن بر محتوای کلروفیل، کارایی کوانتومی فتوسیستم II و برخی صفات بیوشیمیایی در گلرنگ در شرایط کم‌آبیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران

2 دانشیار، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد خاکی و برگی کلات آهن بر برخی خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی گیاه گلرنگ (ژنوتیپ Il111) تحت دو رژیم آبیاری، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در سال زراعی 90-1389 در دانشگاه شاهد انجام گرفت. در این بررسی سطوح تیمار آبیاری در دو سطح آبیاری کامل و کم‌آبیاری در مرحلۀ گلدهی (به‌ترتیب آبیاری پس از تخلیۀ 50 و 75 درصد رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی)، عامل اصلی؛ و هشت سطح کلات آهن شامل چهار سطح به‌صورت مخلوط با خاک با مقادیر صفر، 50، 100 و 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار، و چهار سطح به‌صورت تغذیۀ برگی با غلظت‌های محلول‏پاشی ( با آب، 1000، 2000 و 3000 میلی‏گرم در لیتر) از منبع سکوسترین 138 عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد در شرایط مطلوب آبیاری، استفاده از روش محلول‏پاشی کلات آهن موجب افزایش کلروفیل a، کلروفیلb، کلروفیل کل و نسبت کلروفیل a/b شد. کاربرد مقادیر کمتر کود کلات آهن در شرایط تنش رطوبتی سبب افزایش مقدار کلروفیل a، کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئید شد؛ اما مصرف بیشتر کود آهن در خاک سبب افزایش غلظت کلروفیل b و FV/FM شد. در هر دو سطح آبیاری محلول‏پاشی کلات آهن به مقدار 2000 میلی‏گرم در لیتر موجب افزایش نسبت کلروفیل a/b شد. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که در سطح تنش رطوبتی با افزایش کاربرد کلات آهن در خاک و سطوح محلول‏پاشی به‌ترتیب مقدار آنتوسیانین و فلاونوئیدها افزایش یافت. به‌نظر می‏رسد استفاده از کلات آهن، با افزایش مقدار رنگدانه‏های فتوسنتزی سطح تحمل گلرنگ را نسبت به شرایط کمبود آب ارتقا می‌دهد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study the effect of iron chelate on Chlorophyll content, Photochemical efficiency and some biochemical traits in Safflower under deficit irrigation condition

نویسندگان [English]

  • Keyvan Fathi Amirkhiz 1
  • Majid Amini Dehaghi 2
  • Siavash Heshmati 1
1 Former M.Sc. Student, Departmen of Agronomy, Facultu of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Facultu of Agriculture,Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to study the effect of iron chelate (Fe-EDDHA) on some biochemical characteristic of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under two irrigation regimes, a field experiment was set up a split-plot based on randomized block design with four replication in 2011 in a research field of the faculty of Agriculture at Shahed University. In this study the main plots consisted of two levels of irrigation treatments that included: full irrigation and deficit irrigation at the flowering stage (irrigation to 50% and 75% soil moisture depletion relative to field capacity, respectively). The subplots consisted of eight levels of Fe-EDDHA, half of which were soil applications (S1:0, S2:50, S3: 100 and S4:150 kg.ha-1) and the remaining half of which were foliar applications (F1:foliar application of water, F2:1000, F3:2000 and F4:3000 mg.l-1).The results showed that in desirable condition of irrigation, using of foliar application of iron chelate led to increase the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b , total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b ratio. Application of low amount of iron chelate in water stress condition resulted in significant increase in chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and carotenoids content while use of large amount of iron chelate in soil, led to increase in chlorophyll b content and Fv/Fm. In the two levels of irrigation, foliar application of iron chelate at 2000 mg.l-1 led to increase in chlorophyll a/b ratio. The results of this experiment showed that in water stress levels, with increased level of use of soil and foliar application of iron chelate, content of anthocyanins and flavonoids increased, respectively. It appears that use of iron chelate, can increase the tolerance of safflower to water deficit condition by increase in content of photosynthetic pigment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chlorophyll fluorescence
  • Foliar Application
  • Iron
  • oxidative stress
  • photosynthetic pigment
  • Safflower

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علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران
دوره 46، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
فروردین 1394
صفحه 137-145

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 24 آذر 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 28 بهمن 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 13 اسفند 1393
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 فروردین 1394

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