تأثیر سطوح مختلف نانوپتاس و پتاس معمولی بر عملکرد و برخی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیکی دو رقم گندم در شرایط شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زراعت دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

2 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

3 دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

چکیده

پتاسیم، عامل مهمی در بهبود تحمل گیاهان به تنش­های غیرزیستی نظیر تنش شوری به‌شمار می‌رود. به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر پتاسیم بر تحمل به شوری دو رقم گندم نان کویر (متحمل به شوری) و قدس (حساس به شوری)، آزمایشی گلدانی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایۀ بلوک کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار با سطوح تیماری مختلف شامل شاهد، شوری 150 میلی­مولار (کلرید سدیم)، شوری 150 میلی­مولار به‌همراه دو سطح 300 و450 میلی­گرم پتاسیم بر کیلو­گرم خاک از منبع سولفات پتاسیم و دو سطح 30 و 45 میلی­گرم پتاسیم بر کیلو­گرم خاک از منبع نانوکلات پتاسیم 27 درصد انجام گرفت. کاربرد سطوح و منابع مختلف پتاسیم در شرایط تنش، سبب کاهش تأثیرات سوء ناشی از تنش شوری و در پی آن بهبود عملکرد دانه و اجزای آن، عملکرد بیولوژیک، ارتفاع بوته، هدایت روزنه­ای، و نیز کاهش غلظت Na+ و افزایش غلظتK+ و نسبت K+/Na+ برگ پرچم شد. به‌نظر می‌رسد وجود پتاسیم در شرایط شوری در مقایسه با نبود آن در این شرایط، از  طریق رقابت با سدیم در جذب به‌وسیلۀ گیاه سبب کاهش تأثیرات منفی تجمع سدیم در گیاه شده و از طریق تعدیل پتانسیل اسمزی و بهبود هدایت روزنه­ای سبب حفظ فتوسنتز می‌شود و بدین ترتیب کاهش آثار تنش شوری بر عملکرد را در پی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different levels of nano and typical potassium on yield and some Morpho-physiological characteristics of two wheat cultivars under salt stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Mohammad Alavi Matin 1
  • Afrasyab Rahnama 2
  • Mousa Meskarbashi 3
1 M.Sc. Student of Agronomy, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding,Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Potassium plays an important role in improving plant tolerance to abiotic stresses such as salinity stress. To evaluate the effect of potassium on salinity tolerance of two wheat cultivars, Kavir (as salt tolerant) and Qods (as salt-sensitive), a pot experiment was conducted, using a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications in different treatments (Control, 150 mM NaCl, 150 mM NaCl with two levels of 300 and 450 mg potassium sulfate per 1kg soil and two levels 30 and 45 mg nano potassium per 1kg soil). Application of different potassium levels and sources in stress conditions led to mitigate the negative effects caused by salt stress, and hereby improved grain yield and its components, biological yield, plant height, stomatal conductance, and also reduced Na+ concentrations and increased K+ concentrations and the K+/Na+ ratio in flag leaf. It appears that the presence of potassium under salt stress in compare with the absence of it, through competition with sodium uptake by plant can lead to reduce the adverse effects of sodium accumulation in plants and through osmotic potential adjustment and improved stomatal conductance caused to maintain photosynthesis, and hereby reduce salt effects on yield.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • potassium
  • Salt tolerance
  • Wheat

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 فروردین 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 بهمن 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 19 بهمن 1393
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 فروردین 1394

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