بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی و گروه‌بندی ژنوتیپ‌های جو(Hordeum vulgare L.) از لحاظ مقاومت به بیماری سفیدک پودری (Powdery Mildew) در مرحلۀ گیاهچه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

2 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

3 استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان

چکیده

این پژوهش به­منظور ارزیابی تنوع 70 ژنوتیپ جو از لحاظ مقاومت به بیماری سفیدک پودری
(powdery mildew) انجام گرفت. پس از تهیۀ نمونه­های آلوده به بیماری، تکثیر اسپورهای قارچ بر روی رقم حساس افضل صورت گرفت. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی به­صورت گلدانی در گلخانه انجام گرفت. گیاهچه­ها در مرحلۀ دوبرگی با اسپورهای قارچ مایه‌زنی شدند. دوازده روز بعد صفات تیپ آلودگی و درصد آلودگی برگ­ها براساس مقیاس 9-0 ساری و پرسکات ارزیابی شدند. پس از مقایسۀ میانگین، به­منظور کسب یک نتیجۀ کلی از رتبه­بندی ژنوتیپ­ها، رتبه‌بندی ژنوتیپ­ها به‌روش آروناچالام انجام گرفت و نتایج نشان داد که ارقام Afzal، Rihane، Goharjow، 88-8-EB، Motadel-45، 83-17-EC،  Fajre30به­ترتیب بیشترین رتبه­ها را از لحاظ تیپ آلودگی و شدت بیماری کسب کردند و به‌عنوان ژنوتیپ­های حساس و نیمه‌حساس و ژنوتیپ­های 6-86-EB، 20-87-EB، Arass، 2-88-EB، EBYT-W-89-4، 88-13-EB، Dasht، MB-83-14، 3-89-EBYT-W، NB17، 24Garm، 19-88-EB، 15-89-EBYT-W و 10-79-W با اخذ پایین­ترین رتبه­ها، به‌عنوان مقاوم­ترین ژنوتیپ­ها به بیماری سفیدک در مرحلۀ گیاهچه­ای شناسایی شدند. نتایج تجزیۀ خوشه­ای، تأییدکنندۀ نتایج رتبه­بندی آروناچالام بود. براساس این تجزیه، ژنوتیپ­ها به چهار گروه مقاوم، نیمه‌مقاوم، نیمه‌حساس و حساس اختصاص یافتند. مقادیر زیاد ضریب تنوع ژنوتیپی، فنوتیپی و وراثت‌پذیری عمومی برای صفات تیپ آلودگی و درصد آلودگی می­تواند بیانگر مؤثر بودن عمل گزینش در بهبود مقاومت به سفیدک پودری باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of genetic diversity and clustering of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes to resistance of powdery mildew disease in seedling stage

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zeinab Mohammadi 1
  • Atefeh Sabouri 2
  • Sedigheh Mousanejad 3
1 MSc student of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
2 Assistant professor of Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
3 Assistant professor of Department of Plant Protection respectively, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
چکیده [English]

ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance of 70 genotypes of barley to powdery mildew. After preparing the samples contaminated with powdery mildew, reproduction of the spores of the fungus was conducted on susceptible cultivar Afzal. The experiment was conducted with randomized block design in pot in greenhouse. Seedlings were inoculated with the spores fungus in two-leaf stage. After 12 days, the traits of the infection type and infection intensity, assessed based on 0-9 Saari and Prescott scale. After comparing the means, to obtain an overall result, ranking of genotypes were conducted based on the comparison of means with Arunachalam method. The results showed that varieties Afzal, Rihane, Goharjow, EB-88-8, 45-Motadel, EC-83-17 and Fajre 30 received the highest ranking for infection type and disease intensity and were identified as susceptible and moderately susceptible genotypes. The genotypes EB-86-6, EB 87-20, Arass, EB-88-2, EBYT-W-89-4, EB-88-13, Dasht, MB-83-14, EBYT-W-89-3, NB17, 24 Garm, EB-89-19, EBYT-W-89-15 and W-79-10 allocated lowest ranking and found as resistance genotypes. The results of cluster analysis were endorsing the results of ranked Arunachalam. According to the analysis, genotypes were divided into four groups, resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and susceptible. Considerable estimate for phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation and broad heritability for infection type and infection intensity indicates selection likely can be effective in improvement of resistance to powdery mildew.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arunachalam ranking
  • coefficient of variation
  • fungus
  • seedling resistance

مراجع

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 مرداد 1393
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 آبان 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 15 آذر 1393
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 فروردین 1394

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