علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران

علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران

ارتباط حلالیت فسفر خاک و جذب نیتروژن و تأثیر آن بر شاخص برداشت فسفر سیاهدانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
سید محمد سیدی 1
محمد خواجه حسینی 2
پرویز رضوانی مقدم 3
حمید شاهنده 4
1 دانشجوی دکتری اکولوژی گیاهان زراعی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
2 استادیار دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
3 استاد دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
4 استاد گروه علوم خاک و گیاه دانشگاه تکزاس آمریکا
10.22059/ijfcs.2015.54043
چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی برخی راهکارها برای افزایش حلالیت فسفر در خاک­های آهکی و تأثیر بر جذب فسفر و نیتروژن، کارایی جذب و شاخص برداشت فسفر سیاهدانه (Nigella sativa L.)، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 92-1391 در مزرعۀ تحقیقاتی دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد اجرا شد. این مطالعه به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با دوازده تیمار و سه تکرار طراحی شد. منابع اصلاح‌کنندۀ خاک آهکی شامل ورمی‌کمپوست (V) + باکتری تیوباسیلوس (T)، گوگرد (S) + T و S+V+T همراه با شاهد به‌عنوان عامل اول، و سه سطح کاربرد فسفر (صفر، 30 و 60 کیلوگرم در هکتار از منبع فسفات دی‌آمونیوم)، به‌عنوان عامل دوم آزمایش بودند. براساس نتایج آزمایش، هر سه منبع اصلاح‌کنندۀ خاک آهکی (شامل S+T، V+T و S+V+T) تأثیر معنی­داری در افزایش فسفر قابل جذب خاک، جذب فسفر و نیتروژن توسط بوته و شاخص برداشت فسفر داشتند. همچنین کاربرد S+T و S+V+T در مقایسه با شاهد، به کاهش pH خاک به‌ترتیب تا 94/0 و 61/0 واحد منجر شد. بین غلظت فسفر و غلظت نیتروژن در بوتۀ سیاهدانه همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری وجود داشت؛ با وجود این، بین عملکرد دانه و کارایی جذب فسفر، همبستگی منفی و معنی­داری مشاهده شد.
 
کلیدواژه‌ها
کارایی جذب فسفر
کارایی مصرف فسفر
واکنش خاک

عنوان مقاله English

Relation between the increasing soluble phosphorus and nitrogen uptake and its effects on phosphorus harvest index of black seed

نویسندگان English

Seyyed Mohammad Seyyedi 1
Mohammad Khajeh-Hosseini 2
Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam 3
Hamid Shahandeh 4
1 Ph.D. Student of Crop Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Assistant Professor of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3 Professor of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
4 Professor of Department of Soil & Crop Sciences Texas A&M University, USA
چکیده English

In order to evaluate the effect of increasing soil soluble phosphorus (P) and its effect on nitrogen (N) and P uptake, P uptake efficiency and P harvest index of black seed (Nigella sativa L.) in a calcareous soil; a field experiment was conducted as factorial layout based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in year 2013. The experimental treatments were all combination of soil amendment in four levels (vermicimpost (V) + Tiobacilus (T), Sulfur (S) + T, V+S+T and control) and three levels of phosphorus (0, 30 and 60 kg.ha-1). Results showed that S+T and V+S+T had significant effects on reducing soil pH (by 0.94 and 0.61 units, respectively). The resources of soil amendment (V+T, S+T and S+V+T) significantly increased the P uptake by plant and P harvest index of black seed. A significant positive correlation was observed between P and N concentration of plant. However, there was a significant negative correlation between grain yield and P uptake efficiency of black seed.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Phosphorus uptake efficiency
Phosphorus use efficiency
Soil pH
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  • تاریخ دریافت 07 آذر 1392
  • تاریخ بازنگری 26 شهریور 1393
  • تاریخ پذیرش 16 دی 1393
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 فروردین 1394