شناسایی ارقام متحمل کلزا با استفاده از شاخص‌های تحمل به خشکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 استاد، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

کمبود آب از مهم‌ترین مشکلات تولید موفق محصولات کشاورزی در کشور ایران است. این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی شاخص‌های تحمل به تنش و شناسایی ژنوتیپ­های متحمل به خشکی ارقام کلزا انجام گرفت. در این آزمایش 28 رقم کلزا در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در دو محیط رطوبتی نرمال و تنش خشکی ارزیابی شد. به‌منظور ارزیابی تحمل به خشکی از شاخص حساسیت به خشکی (SSI) فیشر و مورر، شاخص­های تحمل (TOL) و متوسط تولید (MP) روزیل و هامبلین و شاخص­های میانگین هندسی تولید (GMP) و تحمل به تنش (STI) فرناندز استفاده شد. براساس نتایج همبستگی شاخص­های تحمل با عملکرد دانه، شاخص­های STI، GMP و MP مناسب‌ترین شاخص­ها برای شناسایی و معرفی ارقام متحمل به خشکی شناخته شدند. مقایسة میانگین شاخص­ها براساس شاخص STI، نشان داد که رقم Nk fair متحمل­ترین، و رقم Rpc 2023، حساس­ترین رقم به شرایط تنش خشکی بودند. نمودار سه­بعدی براساس Yp، Ys و STI نیز نشان داد که ارقام Nk fair و Oase ضمن داشتن عملکرد زیاد در شرایط عدم تنش دارای عملکرد به‌نسبت خوب و قابل قبولی در شرایط تنش‌اند؛ ازاین‌رو این ارقام برای اصلاح و ایجاد ارقام متحمل و دارای تولید زیاد در شرایط خشکی مناسب‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification of canola cultivars with drought tolerance indices

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Mahdi Majidi 1
  • Mohsen Jafarzadeh Ghahdrijani 2
  • Fatemeh Rashidi 2
  • Aghafakhr Mirlohi 3
1 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
2 Former Graduate Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
3 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Water deficit is a major problem for the successful production of agricultural products in Iran. This research was conducted to evaluate drought tolerance indices and identifying drought tolerant cultivars of canola. Twenty eight canola cultivars were sassed implementing complete block designs experiments in normal and drought stress conditions at Isfahan University of Technology Research Farm during 2008-2009. Fisher and Maurer Stress Sensitivity Index (SSI), Tolerance Index (TOL), Rosielle and Hamblin Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP) and Fernandez Stress Tolerance Index (STI) were used to compare reactions of genotypes in two moisture conditions. Based on correlation of tolerance indices with the grain yield the results showed that STI, GMP, and MP are the most appropriate in selection for drought tolerance. Mean comparison of tolerance and sensitivity indices for canola cultivars showed that based on STI index ‘NK fair’ cultivar was the most tolerance and ‘RPC 2023’ was the most sensitive cultivar to drought stress. According to 3-D plot of Yp, Ys and STI cultivars Nk fair and Oase were identified as high yield under non-stress condition and had relatively good yield under stress condition. These cultivars can be introduced to region with deficit irrigation.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biplot
  • Canola
  • Drought stress
  • yield
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