تعدیل تأثیرات شوری بر فتوسنتز و برخی صفات ارقام کلزا با افزایش غلظت دی‌اکسید کربن هوا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری ، گروه زراعت دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

2 استاد، گروه زراعت دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر افزایش غلظت دی‌اکسید کربنهوا بر تحمل شوری گیاه کلزا(Brassicc napus) تأثیر سطوح مختلف شوری (آبیاری با آب شور با هدایت الکتریکی معادل 5 ، 10 و 15 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر همراه با شاهد بدون شوری) در سه محیط با سه سطح غلظت دی‌اکسید کربن هوا (شامل غلظت معمولی (ppm350) و غلظت‌های دو و سه‌برابر) بر سه رقم کلزا شامل اکاپی (زمستانه)، RGS003 (بهاره) و زرفام (بینابین) در گلخانۀ دانشکدۀ کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سال­های زراعی 1388-89 و 1389-90 مطالعه شد. هر سطح تیمار دی‌اکسید کربن، یک محیط در نظر گرفته شد و دو تیمار دیگر به‌صورت فاکتوریل در طرح پایۀ کاملاً تصادفی و با سه تکرار، در هر محیط اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت دی‌اکسید کربن تا سطح  ppm1050، میزان فتوسنتز افزایش پیدا کرد (حدود سه‌برابر) و با افزایش سطح شوری تا 15 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر، میزان فتوسنتز 21 درصد کاهش یافت. غلظت سه‌برابر دی‌اکسید کربن سبب کاهش تأثیر شوری بر فعالیت فتوسنتز شد. افزایش غلظت دی‌اکسید کربن با افزایش فتوسنتز، کاهش تعرق و افزایش کارایی مصرف آب توانست آثار منفی شوری را کاهش دهد. کارایی مصرف آب با افزایش دی‌اکسید کربن افزایش و با افزایش شوری کاهش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Reduce the Adverse Effects of Salinity On some Physiological Characteristics of Three Rapeseed (Brassicc napus) Cultivars under Elevated Atmospheric Concentration of Carbon Dioxide

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Dehshiri 1
  • Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy 2
1 Ph.D. Student in Crop Science, Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
2 Professor in Crop Science, Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
چکیده [English]

In order to evaluate the effects of atmospheric CO2 concentration increment on rapeseed salinity tolerance, four levels of salinity(0, 5, 10 and 15 dS.m-1) on  three cultivars of rapeseed (Okapi, Zarfam, and RGS) at three levels of atmospheric CO2 concentration(350, 700 and 1050 ppm) were studied. The experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Tarbiat Modares University at 2010 and 2011 crop season. Three levels of CO2 concentrations have been considered as three environments in which two other treatments (salinity and cultivar) carried out in a completely block design in factorial arrangement. Results indicated that photosynthesis rate of canola increased with increasing CO2 Concentration (about three times in 1050ppm) in the air and decreased with increasing salinity (21% in 15 dS.m-1). Three times concentration of CO2 (1050ppm) reduced the impact of salinity on photosynthesis. Elevated CO2 by increasing photosynthesis rate, reducing transpiration and increasing water use efficiency reduced effects of salinity. Water use efficiency was increased with increment concentration of carbon dioxide and decreased with salinity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • salinity
  • rapeseed
  • Atmospheric CO2 Concentration
  • photosynthesis

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 22 مهر 1391
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 05 تیر 1392
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 مهر 1393

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