نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه آگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 گروه آگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس ، تهران، ایران
3 گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه ملی مهارت، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of foliar application of iron, urea, and amino acids on the yield and yield components of safflower under drought stress during the reproductive stage. The experiment was carried out during the 2022-2023 growing season at the research farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, using a split-plot arrangement based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Irrigation treatments included three regimes: full irrigation, irrigation withheld from the flowering stage, and irrigation withheld from the seed filling stage. Foliar spray treatments included nine levels: 6% iron chelate, 1% urea, 1 g L⁻¹ commercial amino acid, binary and ternary combinations of these compounds, distilled water spray, and a no-spray control. Results showed that drought stress significantly affected capitulum length and diameter (maximum length: 65.17 mm under stress at seed filling; minimum: 41.16mm under stress at flowering; maximum diameter: 74.26mm under full irrigation; minimum: 47.22mm under flowering-stage stress). The highest number of capitula per plant (7.69) was recorded with the combined foliar application of iron+urea+amino acids. Maximum number of seeds per capitulum (99.37) and 1000-seed weight (79.46 g) occurred under full irrigation, decreasing to 62.19 seeds and 39.09 g under drought from flowering. The highest biological yield (12,328 kg ha⁻¹), straw yield (10,444 kg ha⁻¹), and grain yield (2,6278 kg ha⁻¹) were achieved with urea+amino acids under seed-filling-stage drought. This combination also improved harvest index and can be recommended as an effective strategy to mitigate drought effects in safflower cultivation.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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