نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه زراعت واصلاح نباتات ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران
2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران
3 بخش غلات، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Speed breeding technique has recently been suggested to accelerate the generation time in cereal and some other crops. This technology is, however, less efficient in winter cereals due to vernalization requirement. To develop a speed breeding protocol for winter wheat, three winter wheat varieties including Zarineh, Gaspard, and Gascogen were raised in a controlled growth chamber under long photoperiod and high light intensity. To address seed dormancy and further shorten the growth duration of the plants, the embryo rescue technique was employed by culturing immature seeds in MS medium. The number of days to flowering, days to maturity, total leaves number, and kernels per spike were measured. The results showed that foliar application of gibberellic acid led to 7-10 days decline in seed-to-seed generation time compared to conventional vernalization by cooling. This study evidenced that 16/8 hours (day/night) photoperiod, 23000 lux (~ 328 µmol/m²/s) light intensity provided by a combination of white LEDs (80%) and purple growth light (20%) and 23/17° C (day/night) temperature was the best condition for speed breeding in winter wheats shortening the generation time to 3 months. This protocol makes it possible for the breeders to advance four generations of winter lines per annum.
Keywords: Speed breeding, vernalization, winter wheat, gibberellic acid, time, light, embryo culture
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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