Effect of sulfuric acid and biofertilizers on camazulene, essential oil content and quantitative characteristics of Chamomile (Matricaria Chamomilla L.)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professors, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran

2 Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran

3 Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Iran

Abstract

Chamomile is a valuable medicinal plant, with several therapeutic applications. To investigate the effects of sulfuric acid (0, 4, 5 and 6 L.ha-1), biological nitrogen fertilizer (non application and application) and biological phosphorous fertilizer (non application and application) with three replications an experiment was conducted in Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan (2013-2014). The best level of sulfuric acid in all traits was five L.ha-1 and beyond it were obvious negative effects of sulfuric acid. Also, nitrogen and phosphorus biological fertilizers application increased traits. The most quantity of all investigated traits included the number of flowers per square meter (805), flower fresh weight (3705 Kg.ha-1) and dried flowers (741 Kg.ha-1), harvest index (% 27.6), essential oil percentage (% 0.88), essential oil yield (4.50 ml.m-2), plant height (65.10 cm), seed yield (147.17 Kg.ha-1) and chamazulene percentage (14.06) observed in application of nitrogen and phosphorus biological fertilizers + sulfuric acid (5 L.ha-1). The lowest quantity of number of flowers per square meter (503), flower fresh weight (3104 Kg.ha-1), dried flowers weight (620 Kg.ha-1), essential oil percentage (% 0.47), essential oil yield (2.07 ml.m-2), plant height (40.60 cm), seed yield (120.43 Kg.ha-1) and essential oil chamazulene percentage (13.61) obtained in non-application of nitrogen and phosphorus biological fertilizers plus + sulfuric acid (6 L.ha-1). In general, the best qualitative and quantitative yield showed in application of nitrogen and phosphorus bio-fertilizers plus + sulfuric acid (5 L.ha-1).

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References

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Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science
Volume 48, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
December 2017
Pages 855-864

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History

  • Receive Date: 02 November 2016
  • Revise Date: 26 December 2016
  • Accept Date: 23 January 2017
  • Publish Date: 22 November 2017

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