Evaluation of freezing tolerance of some clover species (Trifolium spp.) in controlled conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Agronomy department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad

Abstract

In order to evaluate freezing tolerance of some clover species as well as planting date and acclimation period effects on plant tolerance, an experiment was conducted in 2012-13 in Faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in completely Randomized Design with factorial arrangement and four replications. Experimental factors included two planting dates (late September and late October), four clover species (red clover T. pratense, white clover T. repense, Persian clover T. resupinatum (autumn species) and crimson clover T. incarnatum (spring spieces) and eight freezing temperatures (0 (control), -3, -6, -9, -12, -15, -18, -21ºC). Electrolyte leakage percentage of leaf and crown was measured and used to determine lethal temperature for 50% of plants (LT50el(l) and LT50el(c) for leaf and crown, respectively). Results indicated that interaction of planting dates, species and freezing temperatures on electrolyte leakage of leaf was significant in a way that a lower mean of this parameter was observed in autumn species in first planting date compared to the second planting date but the reverse was found in spring species. Decreasing temperature to less than -12 and -15 ˚C resulted in an increase in electrolyte leakage of crown in red and Persian clovers, and white and crimson clovers, respectively). The least LT50el(l) in first planting date was found in red and Persian species and the highest in crimson species while in the second planting date, the lowest mean was observed in Persian and crimson and the highest in red species.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. References:

    1. Abbasi, M. R. (2008). Genetic diversity of Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum) gene pools in National Plant Gene Bank of Iran. Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research, 16 (1): 37-49. (In Farsi)
    2. Anderson, J. A., Michael, P. & Taliaferro, C. M. (1988). Cold hardiness of Midiron and Tifgreen. Horticultural Science, 23: 748-750.
    3. Arbaoui, M., Balko, C. & Link, W. (2008). Study of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) winterhardiness and development of screening methods. Field Crops Research. 106, 60–67.
    4. Baeka, K. H. & Skinner, D. Z. (2003). Alteration of antioxidant enzyme gene expression during cold acclimation of near-isogenic wheat lines. Plant Science, 165: 1221-1227.
    5. Cardona, C. A., Duncan, R. R. & Lindstrom, O. (1997). Low temperature tolerance assessment in paspalum. Crop Science. 37: 1283-1291.
    6. Eugenia, M., Nunes, S. and Smith. G. R. (2003). Electrolyte leakage assay capable of quantifying freezing resistance in rose clover. Crop Science, 43: 1349-1357.
    7. Henkeby, M., Antolin, M. C. & Sanchez-Diaz, M. (2006). Frost resistance and biochemical changes during cold acclimation in different annual legumes. Environmental and Exprimrntal Botany, 55: 305-314.
    8. Lindow, S. E., Arny, D. C. & Upper, C. D. (1982). Bacterial ice nucleation: a factor in frost injury to plants. PlantPhysiology, 70, 1084-1089.
    9. Murray, G.A., Eser, D. Gusta, L.V. & Eteve, G. (1988). Winter hardiness in pea, lentil, faba bean and chickpea. p. 831-843. In the R.J. Summerf00...00Mnield (Ed.) World crops: cool season food legumes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, the Netherlands.
    10.  Nayyar, H., T. S. Bains & Kumar, S. (2005). Chilling stressed chickpea seedlings: effect of cold acclimation, calcium and abscisic acid on cryoprotective solutes and oxidative damage. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 54: 275-285.
    11. Nezami, A. & Boroumand Rezazadeh, Z. (2011). Evaluation of freezing tolerance in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes under controlled conditions. Journal of Agroecology, 3(1), 65-71. (In Farsi)
    12. Nezami, A., Hajmohammadnia Ghalibaf, K. & Kamandi, A. (2010a). Evaluation of freezing tolerance of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars under controlled conditions. Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 3(2): 177-187. (In Farsi)
    13.  Nezami, A., Rezaei, J. & Alizadeh, B. (2010b). Evaluation of cold stress tolerance in several species of grasses by electrolyte leakage test. Journal of Water and Soil, 24 (5): 1019-1026. (In Farsi)
    14. Prasil, L. T., Prasilova. P. & Marik. P. (2007). Comparative study of direct and indirect evaluations of frost tolerance in barley. Field Crop Research, 102: 1-8.
    15. Steponkus, P. L., Uemura, M. & Webb, M. S. (1993). A contrast of the cryostability of the plasma membrane of winter rye and spring oat-two species that widely differ in their freezing tolerance and plasma membrane lipid composition. In: P. L. Steponkus (Ed), Advances n Low-Temperature Biology. London, JAI Press. Vol 2.
    16. Sulk, R. M., Albrecht, K. A. & Duke, S. H. (1991). Leakage of intracellular substances as an indicator of freezing injury in alfalfa. Crop Science. 31: 430-435.
    17. Teutonica, R. A., Palta, J. P. & Osborn, T. C. (1993). In vitro freezing tolerance in relation to winter survival of rapeseed cultivars. Crop Science, 33:103-107.
    18. Thomashow, M. F. (2001). So what’s new in the field of plant cold acclimation? Lots!; Plant Physiology, 125: 89–93.
    19. Zamanian, M. & Asadi, H. (2004). Effects of seed rate, planting date and planting method on morphological traits and forage yield of Persian clover. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 7(3): 241-251. (In Farsi)
Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science
Volume 50, Issue 2
July 2019
Pages 23-34

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 03 September 2017
  • Revise Date: 18 June 2018
  • Accept Date: 24 June 2018
  • Publish Date: 22 June 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics