Association between grain yield and dry matter accumulation in Iranian wheat cultivars grown in Moghan region

Document Type : Research Paper

Abstract

The aim of this research was to study the association between dry matter accumulation (biological yield) and grain yield in Iranian wheat cultivars. The experiment was performed at Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources research farm during 2010-2011 growing season. The plant materials (81 wheat cultivars) were evaluated using a simple lattice design with two replications under well-watered condition. Generally, modern wheat cultivars showed high values of grain yield when they compared with the old ones. This trend was also observed in the cases of harvest index (HI) and grain number per square meter. There were no significant differences in biological yield and thousand grain weight between old and new cultivars. Analysis of correlation showed significant and positive association between grain yield and biological yield which is not consistent with the lack of consistent increases in biological yield through breeding activity in the past. Is seems that modern wheat cultivars have lower amount of pre-anthesis dry matter accumulation than the old cultivars. But, they produce more photoassimilates after anthesis because of increased grain number. Therefore, albeit not significant increases in biological yield through breeding, the grain yield correlated positively with biological yield.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Aggarwal, P. K., Fischer, R. A. & Liboon, S. P. (1990) Source–sink relation and effects of post anthesis canopy defoliation in wheat at low latitudes. Journal of Agricultural Science, 114, 93-9.
  2. Anderson, W. K. & Garlinge, J. R. (2000). The wheat book, Principles and Practice. GRD Corporation. 322 pp.
  3. Araus, J. L., Slafer, G. A., Royom, C. & Serreat, M. D. (2008). Breeding for yield potential and stress adaptation in cereals. Critical Review in Plant Science, 27, 377-412.
  4. Borras, L., Slafer, G. A. & Otegui, M. E. (2004). Seed dry weight response to source-sink manipulations in wheat, maize and soybean: a quantitative reappraisal. Field Crops Research, 86, 131-146.
  5. Brancourt-Hulmel, M., Doussinault, G., Lecomte, C., Berard, P., Le Buanec, B. & Trottet, M. (2003). Genetic improvement of agronomic traits of winter wheat cultivars released in France from 1946 to 1992. Crop Science, 43, 37-45.
  6. De Vita, P., Nicosia, O. L. D., Nigro, F., Platani, C., Reifolo, C., Di Fonzo, N.  & Cattivelli, L. (2007). Breeding progress in morphophysiological, agronomical and qualitative traits of durum wheat cultivars released in Italy during the 20th century. European Journal of Agronomy, 26, 39-53.
  7. Donmez, E., Sears, R. G., Shroyer, J. P. & Paulsen, G. M. (2001). Genetic gain in yield attributes of winter wheat in the Great Plains. Crop Science, 41, 1412-1419.
  8. FAO. (2015). Statistical database. Available online:  http://www.fao.org/
  9. Fischer, R. A. (2007). Understanding the physiological basis of yield potential in wheat. Journal of Agricultural Science, 145, 99-113.

10. Fischer, R. A. (2011). Wheat physiology: a review of recent developments. Crop and Pasture Science, 62, 95-114.

11. Foulkes, M. J., Slafer, G. A., Davies, W. J., Berry, P. M., Sylvester–Bradley, R., Martre, P., Calderini, D. F., Griffiths, S. & Reynolds, M. (2011). Raising yield potential of wheat. III. Optimizing partitioning to grain while maintaining lodging resistance. Journal of Experimental Botany, 69, 469-486.

12. Joudi, M., Ahmadi, A., Mohammadi, V., Abbasi, A. R., Mohammadi, H., Esmaeilpour, M., Bayat, Z. & Torkashvand, B. (2010). Evaluation of stem reserves accumulation and remobilization in Iranian wheat cultivars under irrigated and post-anthesis drought stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 2, 315-328. (In Farsi).

13. Joudi, M., Ahmadi, A., Mohammadi, V., Abbasi, A. R.  & Mohammadi, H. (2014). Genetic changes in agronomic and phenologic traits of Iranian wheat cultivars grown in different environmental conditions. Euphytica, 196, 237-249.

14. Koç, M., Barutçular, C. & Genç, I. (2003). Photosynthesis and productivity of old and modern durum wheats in a Mediterranean environment. Crop Science, 43, 2089-2098.

15. Miralles, D. J. & Slafer, G. A. (2007). Sink limitation to yield in wheat: how could it be reduced? Journal of Agricultural Science,145, 139-149.

16. Miri, H. R. (2009). Grain yield and morpho-physiological changes from 60 years of genetic improvement of wheat in Iran. Experimental Agriculture, 45, 149-163.

17. Reynolds, M., Foulkes, M. J., Slafer, G. A., Berry, P., Parry, M. A. J., Snape, J. W. & Angus, W.J. (2009). Raising yield potential in wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany, 60, 1899-1918.

18. Reynolds, M. P., Rajaram, S. & Sayre, K. D. (1999). Physiological and Genetic Changes of Irrigated Wheat in the Post–Green Revolution Period and Approaches for Meeting Projected Global Demand. Crop Science, 39, 1611-1621.

19. Royo, C., Alvaro, F., Martos, V., Ramdani, A., Isidro, J., Villegas, D. & Garcia del Moral, L. F. (2007). Genetic changes in durum wheat yield components and associated traits in Italian and Spanish varieties during the 20th century. Euphytica, 155, 259-270.

20. Sadras, V.O. (2007). Evolutionary aspects of the trade-off between seed size and number in crop. Field Crops Research, 100, 125-138.

21. Sener, O., Arslan, M., Soysal, Y. & Eryman, M. (2009). Estimates of relative yield potential and genetic improvement of wheat cultivars in the Mediterranean region. Journal of Agricultural Science, 147, 323-332.

22. Shearman, V. J., Sylvester-Bradley, R., Scott, R. K. & Foulkes, M. J. (2005). Physiological processes associated with wheat yield progress in the UK. Crop Science, 45: 175-185.

23. Uzik, M., & Zofajova, A. (2007). Translocation of dry matter in ten winter wheat cultivars released in the years 1921-2003. Cereal Research Communications, 35, 1583-1592.

24. Zand, E., Kochaki, A., Rahimian-Mashadi, H. & Nasiri-Mahallati, M. (2002). Physiological and morphological traits associated with genetic yield improvement of Iranian winter wheat cultivars released during past 50 years. Agricultural Science and Technology Journal,16, 162-171. (In Farsi).

25. Zhou, Y., He, Z. H., Sui, X. X., Xia, X. C., Zhang, X. K. & Zhang, G. S. (2007). Genetic improvement of grain yield and associated traits in the northern china winter wheat region from 1960 to 2000. Crop Science, 47, 245-253.

Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science
Volume 49, Issue 4
March 2019
Pages 185-194

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 03 March 2017
  • Revise Date: 10 December 2017
  • Accept Date: 24 December 2017
  • Publish Date: 20 February 2019

Share

How to cite

Statistics