بررسی توارث نمرۀ تحمل به تنش خشکی در گندم نان (Triticum aestivum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد، بخش زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

2 استادیار بخش زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان

چکیده

    برای افزایش تحمل به خشکی در گندم نان طراحی یک برنامة صحیح به‌نژادی با توجه به چگونگی توارث و عمل ژن‌های مرتبط با این صفت لازم است. در این آزمایش نه رقم گندم نان به همراه نتاج 2F به‌دست‌آمده از آنها در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در دو شرایط عادی (نرمال) و تنش خشکی ارزیابی شدند. شاخص‌های حساسیت/تحمل تنش برای ژنوتیپ‌های مورد بررسی، محاسبه شدند و نمرة تحمل به تنش (STS) با استفاده از مقادیر این شاخص‌ها محاسبه و چگونگی توارث سطح تحمل به خشکی از لحاظ شاخص‌های STI، DRI و STS با استفاده از طرح نیمه‌دی‌آلل ارزیابی شد. نسبت بیکر پایین محاسبه‌شده برای هر سه شاخص نشان داد که در کنترل ژنتیکی میزان تحمل به خشکی نقش آثار غیرافزایشی نسبت به آثار افزایشی بیشتر بوده‌ است. وراثت‌پذیری عمومی برای این شاخص‌ها بالا و وراثت‌پذیری خصوصی پایین بود. با توجه به این نتایج، گزینش برای افزایش تحمل به خشکی بایستی پس از رسیدن به خلوص انجام شود و روش‌هایی همچون بالک، بالک تک‌بذر و دابل‌هاپلوئید برای به‌نژادی با هدف افزایش تحمل به خشکی در این جمعیت قابل توصیه هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation inheritance of drought stress tolerance score of bread wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khadijeh Mokhtarifar 1
  • Roohollah Abdoshahi 2
1 M.Sc. Student of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shaid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shaid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to increase drought tolerance in bread wheat, an appropriate breeding program based on inheritance of drought tolerance is recommended. In the present study, nine bread wheat cultivars and their F2 progenies were evaluated in a randomized complete block design under normal and drought stress conditions. Nine sensitivity/tolerance indices were calculated for studied genotypes and stress tolerance score (STS) was calculated using all indices. Inheritance of drought tolerance indices (STI, DRI and STS) were evaluated using half diallel design. Low Baker ratio for these indices showed that none-additive effects are more important than additive effects in genetic control of these indices. In addition, broad sense heritability was relatively high and narrow sense heritability was low for evaluated indices. Results of this research showed that selection for increasing drought tolerance in bread wheat should be postponed till late generations. Based on these results, bulk, single seed descent and double haploid are recommended methods for breeding for drought tolerance in this population.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • broad and narrow sense heritability
  • none-additive effects
  • stress tolerance score (STS)

مراجع

  1. Abdolshahi, R., Safarian, A., Nazari, M., Pourseyedi, & Mohamadi-Nejad, G. (2013). Screening drought-tolerant genotypes in bread wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) using different multivariate methods. Archive of Agronomy and Soil Science, 59, 685-704.
  2. Bidinger, FR., Mahalakshmei, V. & Rao, GDP. (1987). Assessment of drought resistance in pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum L.). I. Factors affecting yield under stress. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 38, 37-48.
  3. Bouslama, M. & Schapaugh, WT. (1984). Stress tolerance in soybean. Part 1: evaluation of three screening techniques for heat and drought tolerance. Crop science, 24, 933-937.
  4. Farshadfar, E. & Mohammadi, R. (2004). Analysis of genetic control of drought tolerance in Sheynne wheat cultivar using substitution lines. Journal of Seed and Plant, 21(1), 93-108. (in Farsi)
  5. Farshadfar, E., Rasoli, V., Teixeiradasilva, J. & Farshadfar, M. (2011). Inheritance of drought tolerance indicators in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using a diallel technique. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(7), 870-878.
  6. Fernandez, GCJ. (1992). Effective selection criteria for assessing stress tolerance. In: Kuo CG,editor, Proceedings of the International Symposium on ‘Adaptation of vegetables and other food crops in temperature and water stress’, AVRDC Publication. Tainan, Taiwan. 13–18 Aug. Chapter 25, 257-270.
  7. Finlay, K.W. & Wilkinson, G.N. (1963). The analysis of adaptation in a plant breeding program. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 14, 742-754.
  8. Fischer, RA. & Maurer, R. (1978). Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. Part 1: grain yield response. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 29, 897-912.                                                                                      
  9. Gavuzzi, P., Rizza, F., Palumbo, M., Campaline, RG., Ricciardi, GL. & Borghi, B. (1997). Evaluation of field and laboratory predictors of drought and heat tolerance in winter cereals. Canadian  Journal of Plant Science, 77, 523-531.                                                                                                                           
  10. Golabadi, M., Arzani, A. & Mirmohammadi-Meibody, SAM. (2006). Assessment of drought tolerance in segregating populations in durum wheat. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5, 162-171.
  11. Gravandi, M., Farshadfar, E. & Kahrizi, D. (2009). Evaluation of drought tolerance in bread wheat advanced genotypes in field and laboratory conditions. Journal of Seed and Plant Breeding, 1-26(2), 233-252. (in Farsi)
  12. Jafarnezhad, A., Taheri, G. & Rahchamanie, A.A. (2008). Study of drought tolerance in four wheat genotypes, at germination stage. Environmental Stresses in Agricultural Sciences, 2(1), 73-85. (in Farsi)
  13. Miri, H.R. (2009). Effect of post anthesis drought stress on contribution of stem reserves in grain yield of different wheat cultivars. Electronic Journal of Crop Production, 3(1), 1-19. (in Farsi)
  14. Moghaddasi, L., Rashidi, V. & Rosban-Haghighi, A. (2010). Evaluation of drought tolerance in durum wheat lines using application of drought tolerance indices. 11th Crop Science Congress. Iran, Shahid Beheshti university of Tehran, 5pp. (in Farsi)
  15. Rosielle, AA. & Hamblin, J. (1981). Theoretical aspects of selection for yield in stress and nonstress environment. Crop Science, 21, 943-946.
  16. Saba, J., Moghaddam, M., Ghasemi, K. & Nishabouri, M.R. (2001). Genetic properties of drought resistance indices. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 3, 43-49.
  17. Tahmasebi, S.; Khadambashi, M. & Resaei, A. (2006). Evaluation of genetic parameters of wheat grain yield and its relative traits using diallel method in normal and drought stress conditions. Water and Soil Sciences, 11(1), 229-240. (in Farsi)
  18. Veisi-Mal-Amiri, I., Haghparast, R., Aghaei-Sarbarzeh, M., Farshadfar, E. & Rajabi, R. (2009). Evaluation of drought tolerance of barley (Hordeum vulgar) genotypes using physiological characteristics and drought tolerance indices. Journal of Seed and Plant Breeding, 1-26(1), 43-60. (in Farsi)

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 اردیبهشت 1394
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 تیر 1394
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 مرداد 1394
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 دی 1394

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار