Effect of salinity stress on germination parameters, chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activity in chickpea (Cicer ariantaum L.) genotype

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Association professor of Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Ph.D of student seed science and technology Department of Agronomy Faculty of Plant Production Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources (GUASNR) Gorgon, Iran

3 Ph.D of student Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

To study the effect of salinity on physiological and morphological traits of chickpea in 2010 at Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran With Seven chickpea genotypes. Two experiments design was RCBD with 3 replications and 5 levels of salinity stress (Ctrl, 200, 150, 100, 50 mM) for laboratory experiment on germination indices and greenhouse experiment on physiological and biochemical traits. Some traits were recorded such as germination percentage, root length, shoot length and vigor index in laboratory. According to the results, mentioned traits had linear response with increasing of salinity stress. Highest and lowest of germination percentage were obtained in 200 mM treatment for G485 and G456 respectively. G485 had highest vigor index in response to 200 mM treatment. The pea genotypes of biomass was significantly affected by salinity levels, , so the stress level of 50 mM G485 with 3.8 g had the highest levels of the index.In second study, we evaluate activities of catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, total chlorophyll and carotenoids and biomass. G104 genotype had highest of Catalase activity (1.75unit) and highest of Proxidase enzyme activity and polyphenol oxidase were obtained by G485 genotype in 200mM treatment. Also highest (93%) and lowest (54%) reduction percentage of chlorophyll content were observed in G643 and G485 respectively. Results showed a high correlation between antioxidant enzyme activities and chlorophyll, so that Genotypes with higher antioxidant activity had higher chlorophyll content and biomass. There was positive correlation between resistant to salinity at seedling stage of germination and greenhouse condition.

Keywords

References

  1. Abbasi, A.R., Hajirezaei, M., Hofius, D., Sonnewald, U. & Voll, L. M. (2007). Specific roles of a-and g-tocopherol in abiotic stress responses of transgenic tobacco1. Plant Physiology, 143, 1720–1738.
  2. Abdul Baki, A. A. & Anderson, J. D. (1973). Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria. Crop Science, 13, 630-633.
  3. Arshi A, Ahmad, A., Aref, IM. & Iqbal, M. (2012). Comparative studies on antioxidant enzyme action and ion accumulation in soybean cultivars under salinity stress. Journal of Environmental Biology, 33, 9–20.
  4. Ashraf, M. & Karim, F. (1991). Screening for some cultivar/line of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) for ressistance to water stress. Tropical Agriculture, 68, 57-62.
  5. Baruah, A., Simkova, K., Apel, K. & Laloi, C. (2009). Arabidopsis mutants reveal multiple singlet oxygen signaling pathways involved in stress response and development. Plant Molecular Biology, 70, 547-563.
  6. Behnamnia, M., Kalantari, K.M. & Ziaie, J. (2009). The efects of brassinosteroid on the induction of biochemical changes in Lycopersicon esculentum under drought stress. Turkish Journal of Botany, 33, 417-428.
  7. Benavides, M.P., Marconi, P.L., Gallego, S.M., Comba, M.E. & Tomaro, M.L. (2000). Relationship between antioxidant defense systems and salt tolerance in Solanum tuberosum. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 27, 273-278.
  8. Vranova, E., Inze, D. & Van Breusegem, F. (2002). Signal transduction during oxidative stress. Journal of Experimental Botany, 53, 1227-1236.
  9. Chance, B. & Maehly, A. C. (1955). Assay of catalases and peroxidase. Methods in Enzymology, 2, 764–775.
  10. Chang, C.J. & Koa, C.H. (1988). H2O2 metabolism during sense scence of rice leaves changes in enzyme activities in light and darkness. Plant growth regulation, 25, 11-15.
  11. Dash, M. & Panda, S.K. (2001). Salt stress induced changes in growth and enzyme activities in germinating Phaseolus mungo seed. Biological Plantarum, 44(4), 587-589.
  12. De Carvalho, M.H.C. (2008). Drought stress and reactive oxygen species. Plant signaling & Behavior, 3 (3), 156-165.
  13. Dionisio-Sese, M.L. & Tobita, S. (1998). Antioxidant response of rice seedlings to salinity stress. Plant Science, 135, 1-9.
  14. Eyidogan, F. & Tofan, M. (2007). Effect of salinity on antioxidant responses of chickpea seedlings. Acta Physiol Plant, 29, 485–493.
  15. Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D. & Basra, S.M.A. (2009). Plant drought stress: effects, mechanisms and management. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 299, 185–212.
  16. Flowers, T.J., Gaur P. M., Gowda L. C. L., Krishnamurthy, L., Samineni, S., Siddique K. H. M.,Turner, N. C., Vadez, V., Varshney, R. K. & Colmer T. D. (2010). Salt sensitivity in chickpea. Plant Cell and Environment, 33, 490–509.
  17. Gossett, D.R., Milhollon, E.P. & Lucas, M.C. (1994). Antioxidant response to NaCl stress in salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivar of cotton. Crop Science, 34, 706-714.
  18. Hashemi dezfuli, A. (1995). Increase crop yield. Jihad-Daneshgahi Pub. Mashhad University, Iran. 360 pp. (In Farsi).
  19. Herridge, D.F., Marcellos, H., Felton, W.L. & Turner, G.L. (1995). Chickpea increases soil-N fertility in cereal systems through nitrate sparing and N2 fixation. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 27, 545–51.
  20. Jabari, F., Ahmadi, A., Poustini, K. & Alizadeh, H. (2006). Relationship between some antioxidant enzymes activities and cell memberane and chlorophyll stability in drought- tolerant and succetible wheat cultivars. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2(37), 307-316. (In Farsi).
  21. Kar, M. & Mishra, D. (1976). Catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities during rice leaf senescence. Plant Physiology, 57,315-319.
  22. Kaya, M., Gamze, K., Demir Kaya, M., Atak, M., Saglam, Sevil., Khawar, K.M. & Ciftci, C.Y. (2008). Interaction between seed size and NaCl on germination and early seedling growth of some Turkish cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 9(5), 371-377.
  23. Keshavkant, S., Padhan, J., Parkhey, S. & Naithani, S.C. (2012). Physiological and Antioxidant Responses of Germinating Cicer arietinum Seeds to Salt Stress. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 59 (2), 232–237.
  24. Mafakheri, A., Siosemardeh, A., Bahramnejad, B., Struik, P.C. & Sohrabi, Y. (2010). Effect of drought stress on yield, proline and chlorophyll contents in three chickpea cultivars.  Australian Journal of Crop Science, 4(8), 580-585.
  25. Maliro, M.F., McNeil, A.D., Kollmorgen, J., Pittock, C. & Redden, B. (2004).Screening chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and wild relatives germplasm from diverse sources for salt tolerance. New directions for a diverse planet. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Crop Science Congress, Brisbane, Australia, and September 26– October 1.
  26. Mandhania, S., Madan, S. & Sawhney, V. (2006). Antioxidant defense mechanism under salt stress in wheat seedlings. Biologia Plantarum, 50 (2), 227-231.
  27. Mohammadi, M. & Kazemi, H. (2002). Changesin peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities in susceptible and resistance wheat heads inoculated with fusarium graminearum and induced resistance. Plant Science, 162, 491-498.
  28. Mudgal, V., Madaan, N., Mudgal, A. & Mishra, S. (2009).Changes in growth and metabolic profile of Chickpea under salt stress. Journal Applied Bioscience, 23, 1436-1446.
  29. Omidbaigi, R.M., Tabatabaei, F. & Akbari, T. (2001). Effect of N-fertilizers and irrigation on the productivity (growth, seed yield, and active substances) of linseed. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 32(1), 53-63. (In Farsi).
  30. Parida, A.K. & Das, A.B. (2005). Salt tolerance and salinity effects on plants: a review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 60, 324–349.
  31. Perl, A., Perl-Treves, R., Galili, G., Aviv, D., Shalgi, E., Malkin, S. & Galun, E. (1993). Enhanced oxidative stress defense in transgenic tobacco expressing tomato Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 85, 568–576.
  32. Rao, D.L.N., Giller, K.E., Yeo, A.R. & Flowers, T.J. (2002). The effect of salinity and sodicity upon nodulation and nitrogen fixation in chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Annual Botany, 89, 563–570.
  33. Rao, P.S., Mishra, B., Gupta, S.R. & Rathore, A. (2008). Reproductive stage tolerance to salinity and alkalinity stresses in rice genotypes. Plant Breeding, 127, 256-261.
  34. Rasool, S., Ahmad, A., Siddiqi, T.O. & Ahmad, P. (2013). Changes in growth, lipid peroxidation and some key antioxidant enzymes in chickpea genotypes under salt stress. Acta Physiol Plant, 35, 1039–1050.
  35. Sánchez-Rodríguez, E., Rubio-Wilhelmi, M.d. M., Blasco, N.B., Leyva, R., Romero, L. & Ruiz, J.m. (2012). Antioxidant response resides in the shoot in reciprocal grafts of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive cultivars in tomato under water stress. Plant Science, 188, 89-96.
  36. Scebba, F., Sebastiani, L. & Vitagliano, C. (1998). Changes in activity of antioxidative enzymes in wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings under cold acclimation. Physiologia Plantarum, 104, 747-752.
  37. Serraj, R., Krishnamurthy, L. & Upadhyaya, H. D. (2004). Screening chickpea minicore germplasm for tolerance to soil salinity. Int Chickpea Pigeonpea Newsletter. 11: 29–32
  38. Serraj, R., Krishnamurthy, L., Kashiwagi, J., Kumar, J., Chandra, S. & Crouch, J.H. (2004). Variation in root traits of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grown under terminal drought. Field Crops Research, 88,115-127.
  39. Sharifi, P., Amirnia, P., Majidi, R., Hashem, E., Roustaii, H., Nakhoda, M.B., Alipoor Mohammad, H. & Moradi, F. (2012). Relationship between drought stress and some antioxidant enzymes with cell membrane and chlorophyll stability in wheat lines. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 6(3), 617-623.
  40. Weisany, W., Sohrabi, Y., Heidari, G., Siosemardeh, Adel. & Ghassemi, G.K. (2012). Changes in antioxidant enzymes activity and plant performance by salinity stress and zinc application in soybean (Glycine max L.). Plant Omics Journal, 5(2), 60-67.
  41. Welfare, K., Yeo, A.R. & Flowers, T.J. (2002). Effects of salinity and ozone, individually and in combination, on the growth and ion contents of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties. Environ Polluttion, 120, 397–403.
  42. Zare, M., Mehrabi oladi, A.A. & Sharaf zadeh, Sh. (2006). Investigation of GA3 and Kinetin Effects on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Wheat under Salinity Stress. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 12(4), 855-865.
  43. Zhang, Zh., Huizhen, Li, Shaojun Qiao Xin Zhang & Peipei Liu & Xiliang Liu. (2012). Effect of salinity on seed germination, seedling growth, and physiological characteristics of Perilla frutescens. Plant Biosystems, 146(2), 245–251.

Zheng, Yh., Xu, Xb., Wang, My., Zheng, Xh., Li, Zj. & Jiang, Gm. (2009). Responses of salt-tolerant and intolerant wheat genotypes to sodium chloride: photosynthesis, antioxidants activities, and yield. Photosynthetica, 47, 87–94

Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science
Volume 45, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
October 2014
Pages 461-472

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 12 May 2013
  • Revise Date: 19 May 2015
  • Accept Date: 23 October 2013
  • Publish Date: 23 September 2014

Share

How to cite

Statistics