Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Lorestan, Iran
2
PhD Candidate, Crop Physiology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Tehran, Iran
3
PhD Candidate, Crop physiology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
An experiment was conducted as a split plot based on complete randomized block design with three replications in the fall of 2010 at the farm of Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran. Four winter wheat cultivars (Marvdasht, Azar, Shiraz and Line M-79-7) as the main plot and levels of iron oxide nanoparticles (ION) along with control treatment were the subplot. Iron fertilizer spraying was done in two stages: beginning the stem elongation and beginning the flowering. The results showed the significant differences between the cultivars in relation to many traits including leaf area duration, net assimilation rate, growth rate, relative growth rate, grain and biological yield, harvest index, SDS sediment, grain protein and iron. Marvdasht cultivar was superior to the others because of grain yield (6.4 t/ha under 250 ppm of ION), grain protein (15.39% under 500 ppm ION) and grain iron (202.4 ppm under 1000 ppm of ION). But in terms of sediment volume of SDS, Shiraz cultivar (74.33 mm under 750 ppm of ION) was higher than the others. Generally, foliar application of ION improved some physiological parameters and grain yield, harvest index, sediment SDS, grain protein and iron of all varieties and line M-79-7. Overall, 750 ppm of ION was the most effective for improvement of SDS and grain iron content meanwhile 500 ppm of ION was better for leaf area duration. The importance of the role of iron in plant physiology on the one hand, and difficulties in calcareous soils in relation to providing enough iron requirement for the plant at the other hand, show more necessity of using iron fertilizer especially as foliar application method. It can be said that the iron fertilizer can improve crop growth and yield also nutritional value by increase in iron and protein.
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