Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science

Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science

Effect of planting date and method on yield and yield components of Echium amoenum under bio and chemical fertilizers application

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Mohammad Behzad Amiri 1
Parviz Rezvani Moghaddam 2
Mohsen Jahan 3
1 Assistant Professor, University of Gonabad, Gonabad, Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
10.22059/ijfcs.2017.131391.653937
Abstract
In order to evaluation of simultaneous effects of planting dates and methods and ecofriendly inputs application on yield and yield components of Iranian Ox-Tangue (Echium amoenum Fisch. & Mey.), a split split plots experiment in time based on randomized complete block  design with three replications was conducted in 2011-2014 growing seasons, in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. Two different planting dates (10 March 2011 and 4 Aprill 2011), three different types of biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers (mycorrhiza (Glomus mosseae), Biosulfur, chemical fertilizer and control), two different types of planting methods (direct seeding and transplanting) and two agronomic year assigned to main plots, sub plots, sub-sub plots, sub-sub-sub plots, respectively. The results showed that the highest dry flower yield obtained in March planting date and seeding method and in conditions of mycorrhiza application. Application of biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers in both of planting dates and both of planting methods increased seed yield, so that application of mycorrhiza, biosulfur and chemical fertilizer in transplanting planting method and Aprill planting date increased seed yield 45, 42 and 35% compared to control, respectively. In general, the results of this research, it seems direct seeding of Echium amoenum in March and application of ecological inputs especially mycorrhiza and biosulfur in Mashhad conditions is better than other treatments.
Keywords
Biofertilizers
biosulfur
eco-friendly inputs
Mycorrhiza
Seeding
Subjects
  1. Abdul Jaleel, C., Manivannan, P., Sankar, B., Kishorekumar, A., Gopi, R., Somasundaram, R. & Panneerselvam, R. (2007). Pseudomonas fluorescens enhances biomass yield in Catharanthus roseus under water deficit stress. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 60, 7-11.
  2. Agha Alikhani, M., Iranpour, A. & Naghdi Badi, H. (2013). Changes in agronomical and phytochemical yield of purple coneflower (Echinaceae purpurea (L.) Moench) under urea and three biofertilizers application. The Journal of Medical Research, 12, 121-136.
  3. Anandham, R., Sridar, R., Nalayini, P., Poonguzhali, S., Madhaiyan, M. & Tongmin, S. (2007). Potential for plant growth promotion in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cv. ALR-2 by co-inoculation of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria and Rhizobium. Microbiological Research, 162, 139-153.
  4. Azcon-Aguilar, C. & Barea, J. M. (1996). Arbuscular mycorrhizas and biological control of soil-borne plant pathogens-an overview of the mechanisms involved. Mycorrhiza, 6, 457-464.
  5. Azimi, R., Jangjoo, M. & Asghari, H. R. (2013). Effect of mycorrhiza on initial deployment and morphological characteristics of Thymus vulgaris in conditions of natural area. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 11, 666-676. (in Farsi)
  6. Babayee, P., Golchin, A., Besharati, H. & Afzali, M. (2012). Effect of microbial sulfur fertilizer on nutrient uptake and yield of soybean in the field. Journal of Soil and Water Science, 26, 145-152. (in Farsi)
  7. Besharati, H., Khavarzi, K. & Malakooti, J. (2000). Efffect of Thiobacillus on nutrient absorbtion in calcareous soils. Journal of Soil and Water Research, 176-187. (in Farsi)
  8. Cardoso, I. M. & Kuyper, T. W. (2006). Mycorrhizas and tropical soil fertility. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 116, 72-84.
  9. Davazdahemami, S., Sefidkon, F., Jahansooz, M. R. & Mazaheri, D. (2008). Comparison of biological yield, quantity and quality yield of oil and phonological stages in fall, spring and summer planting of Dracocephalum muldavica L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Researches, 24, 263-270. (in Farsi)
  10. Dehghani Meshkani, M. R., Naghdibadi, H. A., Darzi, M. T., Mehrafarin, A. & Rezazadeh, Sh. A. (2011). Effect of biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of Matricaria recutita L. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 10, 35-49. (in Farsi)
  11. Eskandari Nasrabadi, S., Ghorbani, R., Rezvani Moghaddam, P. & Nasiri Mahallati, M. (2014). Single and integrated effects of biological, organic and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative traits of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.). Journal of Agroecology, 6, 467-476. (in Farsi)
  12. Fatma, A. G., Lobna, A. M. & Osman, N. M. (2008). Effect of compost and biofertilizers on growth, yield and essential Oil of sweet marjoram (Majorana hortensis) Plant. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 10, 381-387.
  13. Ghani, A., Tehranifar, A., Azizi, M. & Ebadi, M. T. (2011). Effect of planting date on morphological characteristics and yield and oil content of Achillea millefolium in conditions of Mashhad. Journal of Crop Sciences, 9, 447-453. (in Farsi)
  14. Ghasemi, A. (2009). Medicinal and aromatic plants, identifying and studying their effects. Publications of Islamic Azad University, Shahrkord. (in Farsi)
  15. Ghasemi, K., Fallah, S., Raeesi, F. & Heidari, M. (2013). Effect of urea fertilizer and biofertilizers on quantitative and qualitiative yield of Plantago ovate Forsk.). Journal of Plant Production Research, 101-116. (in Farsi)
  16. Ghorbani, M., Koocheki, A., Jahani, M., Hoseini, A., Mohammadabadi, A. & Sabet Teimoori, M. (2009). Effect of planting date and different times and methods of weed management in different growth stages on yield and yield components of cumin. Journal of Crop Sciences, 7, 145-154. (in Farsi)
  17. Ghorbani Nasrabadi, R., Saleh Rastin, N. & Alikhani, H. (2002). Effect of sulfur application with Thiobacillus and Bradi rhizobium on nitrogen fixation and growth characteristics of soybean. Journal of Soil and Water, 16, 170-178. (in Farsi)
  18. Gupta, M. L., Prasad, A., Ram, M. & Kumar, S. (2002). Effect of the vescular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus fasciculatum on the essential oil yield related characters and nutrient acquisition in the crops of different cultivars of menthol mint (Mentha arvensis) under field conditions. Bioresource Technology, 81, 77-79.
  19. Hoseini, S. A. (2011). Planting methods of Humulus Lupulus L. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 27, 615-623. (in Farsi)
  20. Jahan, M., Amiri, M. B. & Ehyaee, H. R. (2012). Light use and absorption efficiency of sesame affected by biofertilizers in a low input farming systems. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 10, 435-447. (in Farsi)
  21. Jahan, M., Ariayee, M., Amiri, M. B. & Ehyaee, H. R. (2013). Effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on quantitave and qualitative of sesame in conditions of cover crop application. Agroecology, 5, 1-15. (in Farsi)
  22. Kariminia, A. & Shahrestani, M. (2003). Evaluation of oxidation of sulfur by heterotrophic microorganisms in different soil. Journal of Soil and Water, 17, 69-79. (in Farsi)
  23. Kaya, M., Kucukymuk, Z. & Erdal, I. (2009). Effects of elemental sulfur and sulfur-containing waste on nutrient concentrations and grown on calcareous soil. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8, 4481-4489.
  24. Kennedy, I. R., Choudhury, A. T. M. A., Kecskes, M. L., Roughley, R. J. & Hien, N. T. 2004. Non-symbiotic bacterial diaztrophs in crop-farming systems: can their potential for plant growth promotion be better exploited? Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 36, 1229-1244.
  25. Kertesz, M. A. & Mirleau, K. (2004). The role of soil microbes in plant sulfur nutrition. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55, 1-7.
  26. Khichar, M. L. & Niwas, I. (2006). Microclimatic profiles under different sowing environment in wheat. Journal of Agrometeo, 8, 201-209.
  27. Khorramdel, S., Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahallati, M. & Ghorbani, R. (2011). Effects of biofertilizers on yield and yield components of Nigella sativa L. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 8, 758-766. (in Farsi)
  28. Koocheki, A., Nakhforoosh, A. & Zarifketabi, H. (1997). Organic farming. Publications of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. (in Farsi)
  29. Kumar, V., Singh Solanki, A. & Sharma, S. (2011). AM fugi and A. Chroococcum affecting yield, nutrient uptake and cost efficiency of Plantago ovate in Indian arid region? Thai Journal of Agricultural Science, 44, 53-60.
  30. Latifi, M., Barimavandi, A., Sedaghatpoor, S. & Rezaei, S. (2012). Sowing date and plant population effects on seed yield of Cucurbita pepo. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 14, 641-644.
  31. Lotfi, A., Frnia, A., Maleki, A., Naseri, R. & Moradi, M. (2013). The effects of planting date and plant spacing on yield and yield components of Fennel. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences, 2: 78-84.
  32. Mahfouz, S. A. & Sharaf-Eldin, M. A. (2007). Effect of mineral vs. biofertilizer on growth, yield, and essential oil content of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). International Agrophysics, 21, 361-366.
  33. Manaffee, W. F. & Kloepper, J. W. (1994). Application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in sustainable agriculture. In: “Soil biota management in sustainable farming systems”. CSIRO, Pub. East Melbourne, Australia. Pp, 23-31.
  34. Marulanda, A., Porcel, R., Barea, J. M. & Azcon, R. (2007). Drought tolerance and antioxidant activities in laender plants colonized by native drought-tolerant of drought-sensitive Glomusspecies. Microbial Ecology, 54, 543-552.
  35. Mehrabani, M., Ghassemi, N., Sajjadi, S. E., Ghannadi, A. & Shams-Ardakani, M. (2005). Main phenolic compounds of petals of Echium amoenum fisch. And C.A. Mey., a famous medicinal plant of Iran. Daru, 13, 65-69.
  36. Mellati, F., Koocheki, A. & Nassiri Mahallati, M. (2005). Evaluation of germination behavior and planting date on medicinal plant of Ferula gumosa. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 3, 123-128. (in Farsi)
  37. Moosavi, S. Gh. (2014). Fennel morphological traits and yield as affected by sowing date and plant density. Advance in Agriculture and Biology, 1, 45-49.
  38. Najafpoor Navaee, M. (2002). Evaluation of effect of phosphorous and nitrogen fertilizers on seed yield of Echium amoenum. Iranian Journal of Medical and Aromatic Plants, 13, 41-50. (in Farsi)  
  39. Rabbani, M., Sajjadi, S. E., Vaseghi, G. & Jafarian, A. (2004). Anxiolytic effects of Echium amoenum on the elevated plus-maze model of anxiety in mice. Fitoterapia, 75, 457-464.
  40. Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Amiri, M. B. & Ehyaee, H. R. (2015). Effect of simultaneous application of mycorrhiza with compost, vermicompost and sulfural geranole on some quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in a low input cropping system. Agroecology, In Press. (in Farsi)
  41. Rillig, M. C. & Mummey, D. L. (2006). Mycorrhizas and soil structure. New Phytologist, 171, 41-53.
  42. Rivera-Cruz, M. C., Narcıa, A. T., Ballona, G. C., Kohler, J., Caravaca, F. & Rold, A. (2008). Poultry manure and banana waste are effective biofertilizer carriers for promoting plant growth and soil sustainability in banana crops. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 40, 3092-3095.
  43. Roesti, D., Gaur, R., Johri, B. N., Imfeld, G., Sharma, S., Kawaljeet, K. & Aragno, M. (2006). Plant growth stage, fertilizer management and bio-inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria affect the rhizobacterial community structure in rain-fed wheat fields. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 38, 1111-1120.
  44. Salardini, A. A. (1995). Soil fertility. Publications of Tehran University. (in Farsi)
  45. Sanches Govin, E., Rodrigues Gonzales, H. & Carballo Guerra, C. (2005). Ifluencia de los abonos organicos y biofertilizantes en la calidad de las especies medicinales calendula officinalis L. y Matricaria recutita L. Revista Cubana de Plantas Medicinales, 10, 1.
  46. Sardans, J., Roda, F. & Penuelas, J. (2005). Effect of water and a nutrient pulse supply on Rosemarinus officinalis growth, nutrient content and flowering in the field. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 53, 1-11.
  47. Sasanelli, N., Anton, A., Takacs, T., Addabbo, T., Biro, I. & Malov, X. (2009). Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the nmaticidal properties of leaf extracts of Thymus vulgaris L. Parasitological Institute of SAS, Kosice DOI 10.2478/s11687-009-0043-6.
  48. Sayyah, M., Boostani, H., Pakseresht, S. & Malaieri, A. (2009). Efficacy of aqueous extract of Echium amoenum in treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 33, 1513-1516.
  49. Scherer, H. W. (2001). Sulfur in crop production-invited paper. European Journal of Agronomy, 14, 81-111.
  50. Tabrizi, L. (2007). Evaluation of ecophysical characteristics of Thymus transcaspicus in natural areas and domestication of it in a low input farming system. Ph.D thesis of Ecology, Faculty of agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. (in Farsi)
  51. Thomas, Ph. (1984). Canola Grower Manual. Publication of Canada.
  52. Ullah, H. & Honermeier, B. (2013). Fruit yield, essential oil concentration and composition of three anise cultivars (Pimpinella anisum L.) in relation to sowing date, sowing rate and locations. Industrial Crops and Products, 42, 489-499.
  53. Vance, C. P., Uhde-Stone, C. & Allan, D. L. (2003). Phosphorus acquisition and use: Critical adaptation by plants for securing a non-renewable resource. New Physiology, 157, 423-447.
  54. Vessey, J. K. (2003). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizer. Plant and Soil, 255, 571-586.
  55. Zapata, F. & Roy, R. N. (2004). Use of phosphate rocks for sustainable agriculture. Publication of the FAO Land and Water Development Division.Pp, 117 - 122.
  56. Zehtabsalmasi, S., Javanshir, A., Omideigi, R., Alya, H. & Ghassemi-golezani, K. (2004). Effect of water supply and sowing date on water use efficiency of anise (Pimpinella anisum L.). Proceedings of 4th International Crop Science Congress, Brisbane, Australia.
  57. Zhu, C. X., Song, B. F. & Xu, W. H. (2010). Arbuscular mycorrhizae improve low temperature stress in maize via alterations in host water status and photosynthesis. Plant and Soil, 331, 129-137.

 

Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science
Volume 48, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
Autumn 2017
Pages 825-841

  • Receive Date 23 September 2015
  • Revise Date 08 January 2017
  • Accept Date 16 January 2017
  • Publish Date 22 November 2017