Identification of drought tolerant genotypes in the Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Collection of National Plant Gene Bank of Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student of Agro-ecology of Mohghegh Ardebili University (UMA) and Research Instructor of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Mohghegh Ardebili University (UMA), Iran

3 Associate Professor, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran

4 Research Instructor, Soil and Water Research Institute of Iran (SWRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran

Abstract

Increased drought is one of the consequences of global climate change in regions, arid and semi-arid areas particular in. Sesame is adaptable to drought condition which could produce a proper amount of good quality oil. This research, investigated reaction to drought of eight genotypes of sesame collection of National Plant Gene Bank of Iran, along with cultivars Oltan and Darab1 in two experiments in a randomized complete block design with three replications, under normal irrigation and restriction of irrigation since beginning of flowering as stress condition. Based on results, accession KC50662 and cultivar Oltan were placed in the top group in terms of yield and yield components, under both conditions. Based on tolerance and susceptibility indices and components analysis, genotypes indicated susceptible to tolerant reactions that showing enough diversity in the collections in order to select genotypes under normal and drought stress conditions. Accessions KC50658 and KC50321, were the most tolerant and susceptible respectively, and genotype KC50662 and cultivar Oltan with high potential in normal and more yield in stress conditions. These two accessions having high STI index, according to Fernandez classification, having the most yield in two conditions. The principal component analysis identified the variation explaining traits and indicated that accession KC50662 and cultivar Oltan were suitable for breeding objectives in varying humidity conditions. The regression results for STI, showed that accessions with higher index (STI) had more grain weight per capsule, higher capsules number per plant, and longer petiole in lower leaf that measured in normal condition.

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References

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History

  • Receive Date: 18 September 2016
  • Revise Date: 12 February 2017
  • Accept Date: 27 February 2017
  • Publish Date: 22 May 2017

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