ارزیابی پاسخ رشد و عملکرد ارقام مختلف گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) به میزان نیتروژن مصرفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران ایران

2 گروه زراعت دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران ایران

3 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران ، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی برهمکنش رقم و میزان کود نیتروژن مصرفی بر رشد و عملکرد گلرنگ بهاره، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سال زراعی1400 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل دو رقم گلرنگ پرنیان و گلدشت و شش سطح نیتروژن خالص (0، 45، 90، 135، 180 و 225 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. تاثیر رقم تنها بر شاخص سطح برگ و تعداد طبق در واحد سطح معنی دار بد، ولی اثر کود نیتروژن مصرفی بر همه صفات معنی‌دار بود. شاخص سطح برگ در رقم پرنیان حدود 25 درصد بیشتر از رقم گلدشت بود. با این وجود ماده خشک تولیدی بین ارقام اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشت. بیشترین شاخص سطح برگ و ماده خشک تولیدی در ارقام به‌ترتیب در شرایط مصرف 135 و 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار به دست آمد. مصرف بیشتر نیتروژن افزایش معنی‌داری را باعث نشد. بیشترین تعداد طبق و تعداد دانه در طبق نیز به‌ترتیب با مصرف 180 و 135 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار به دست آمد و مصرف نیتروژن بیشتر افزایش معنی‌داری را در این صفات باعث نشد. افزایش مصرف نیتروژن باعث افزایش عملکرد دانه و روغن در گلرنگ شد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه و روغن معنی‌دار نیز مربوط به تیمار 180 کیلوگرم نیتروژن مصرفی در هکتار بود. تعداد طبق و تعداد دانه در طبق همبستگی بالاتری با عملکرد دانه داشتند. با‌توجه‌ به نتایج این پژوهش، می‌توان افزایش عملکرد گلرنگ را با افزایش مصرف کود نیتروژنی تا 180 کیلوگرم در هکتار انتظار داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the growth and yield response of two spring safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars to the amount of nitrogen

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khadijeh Nazari Sendi 1
  • Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy 1
  • Seyed Farhad Saberali 2
  • Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli 3
1 Agronomy Department Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
2 Agronomy Department Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
3 Agronomy Department Faculty of Agriculture Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to examine the interaction between cultivars and the nitrogen fertilizer applied to spring safflower growth and yield. It was performed as a factorial experiment within a randomized complete block design with three repetitions at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture at Tarbiat Modares University during the 2021 crop season. The treatments included two safflower cultivars, Parnian and Goldasht, and six levels of pure nitrogen (0, 45, 90, 135, 180, and 225 kg/ha). The cultivar influenced the leaf area index and the number of capitula per unit area, while nitrogen fertilizer affected all traits significantly. The leaf area index was approximately 25% higher in the Parnian than the Goldasht cultivar. However, there was no significant difference in dry matter production between the cultivars. The highest leaf area index and dry matter were observed under 135 and 180 kilograms of nitrogen per hectare, respectively, and higher nitrogen did not result in significant increases. The highest number of capitula and seeds per capitula were obtained with 180 and 135 kg/ha, respectively, and further nitrogen did not significantly increase these traits. The increasing nitrogen enhanced seed and oil yield in safflower, with the highest significant yields obtained at the 180 kilograms per hectare of nitrogen. The number of capitula and seeds per capitula had a higher correlation with seed yield. Based on the results of this study, an increase in safflower yield can be expected with an increase in nitrogen fertilizer up to 180 kilograms per hectare.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biological yield
  • Leaf area index
  • Oil yield
  • Urea fertilizer
  • Yield components
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