Univrsity of Tehran Press Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science 2008-4811 56 2 2025 06 22 The Effect of Endophytic Fungi Alternaria chlamydospora, Fusarium equiseti, and Curvularia spicifera on the Germination of Bread Wheat Seeds under Artificial Drought Stress The Effect of Endophytic Fungi Alternaria chlamydospora, Fusarium equiseti, and Curvularia spicifera on the Germination of Bread Wheat Seeds under Artificial Drought Stress 1 12 101564 10.22059/ijfcs.2024.377043.655084 FA Mohammad Sabzehzari Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural and Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. MohammadReza Naghavi , Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural and Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Seyed Kazem Sabbagh Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran. Mohammad Javan Nikkhah Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural and Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Houshang Alizadeh Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural and Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 0000-0001-8138-0786 Journal Article 2024 06 26 Improvement of seed germination and seedling growth under stresses has made the seed treatment with endophytic fungi a promising method for mitigating climate change conditions. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of Aegilops endophyte fungi on the germination of bread wheat seeds under drought conditions. Alternaria chlamydospora, Fusarium equiseti, and Curvularia spicifera fungi were isolated from Aegilops tauschii, Ae. triuncialis, and Ae. cylindrical species, respectively. The identity of these endophytes was confirmed by using the ITS4 and ITS1F primers towards amplifying ITS nrDNA genomic region, followed by morphological survey. Germination characteristics of the French RENAN variety of wheat were investigated under PEG 6K drought (-4.5 bar) and the fungal treatments in M medium. PEG-induced drought decreased germination traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, germination energy, germination index, and seedling growth traits (length and weight), and also seed vigor index. C. spicifera fungus often had no effect on germination traits. F. equiseti fungus due to its pathogenic nature, caused a decrease in the germination characteristics, especially under stress conditions. On the contrary, A. chlamydospora fungus often led to an improvement of seedling length, seedling weight, and germination indices under both humidity normal and drought conditions. In general, endophyte A. chlamydospora could improve wheat germination indicators and seedling growth under drought conditions, and therefore, there is a potential to use it in the seed priming.Improvement of seed germination and seedling growth under stresses has made the seed treatment with endophytic fungi a promising method for mitigating climate change conditions. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of Aegilops endophyte fungi on the germination of bread wheat seeds under drought conditions. Alternaria chlamydospora, Fusarium equiseti, and Curvularia spicifera fungi were isolated from Aegilops tauschii, Ae. triuncialis, and Ae. cylindrical species, respectively. The identity of these endophytes was confirmed by using the ITS4 and ITS1F primers towards amplifying ITS nrDNA genomic region, followed by morphological survey. Germination characteristics of the French RENAN variety of wheat were investigated under PEG 6K drought (-4.5 bar) and the fungal treatments in M medium. PEG-induced drought decreased germination traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, germination energy, germination index, and seedling growth traits (length and weight), and also seed vigor index. C. spicifera fungus often had no effect on germination traits. F. equiseti fungus due to its pathogenic nature, caused a decrease in the germination characteristics, especially under stress conditions. On the contrary, A. chlamydospora fungus often led to an improvement of seedling length, seedling weight, and germination indices under both humidity normal and drought conditions. In general, endophyte A. chlamydospora could improve wheat germination indicators and seedling growth under drought conditions, and therefore, there is a potential to use it in the seed priming. Improvement of seed germination and seedling growth under stresses has made the seed treatment with endophytic fungi a promising method for mitigating climate change conditions. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of Aegilops endophyte fungi on the germination of bread wheat seeds under drought conditions. Alternaria chlamydospora, Fusarium equiseti, and Curvularia spicifera fungi were isolated from Aegilops tauschii, Ae. triuncialis, and Ae. cylindrical species, respectively. The identity of these endophytes was confirmed by using the ITS4 and ITS1F primers towards amplifying ITS nrDNA genomic region, followed by morphological survey. Germination characteristics of the French RENAN variety of wheat were investigated under PEG 6K drought (-4.5 bar) and the fungal treatments in M medium. PEG-induced drought decreased germination traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, germination energy, germination index, and seedling growth traits (length and weight), and also seed vigor index. C. spicifera fungus often had no effect on germination traits. F. equiseti fungus due to its pathogenic nature, caused a decrease in the germination characteristics, especially under stress conditions. On the contrary, A. chlamydospora fungus often led to an improvement of seedling length, seedling weight, and germination indices under both humidity normal and drought conditions. In general, endophyte A. chlamydospora could improve wheat germination indicators and seedling growth under drought conditions, and therefore, there is a potential to use it in the seed priming.Improvement of seed germination and seedling growth under stresses has made the seed treatment with endophytic fungi a promising method for mitigating climate change conditions. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of Aegilops endophyte fungi on the germination of bread wheat seeds under drought conditions. Alternaria chlamydospora, Fusarium equiseti, and Curvularia spicifera fungi were isolated from Aegilops tauschii, Ae. triuncialis, and Ae. cylindrical species, respectively. The identity of these endophytes was confirmed by using the ITS4 and ITS1F primers towards amplifying ITS nrDNA genomic region, followed by morphological survey. Germination characteristics of the French RENAN variety of wheat were investigated under PEG 6K drought (-4.5 bar) and the fungal treatments in M medium. PEG-induced drought decreased germination traits such as germination percentage, germination rate, germination energy, germination index, and seedling growth traits (length and weight), and also seed vigor index. C. spicifera fungus often had no effect on germination traits. F. equiseti fungus due to its pathogenic nature, caused a decrease in the germination characteristics, especially under stress conditions. On the contrary, A. chlamydospora fungus often led to an improvement of seedling length, seedling weight, and germination indices under both humidity normal and drought conditions. In general, endophyte A. chlamydospora could improve wheat germination indicators and seedling growth under drought conditions, and therefore, there is a potential to use it in the seed priming.

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